容闳(Yung Wing)致孙中山函 (1912年1月2日)

(原文)

Harford, Conneticut,January 2nd, 1912.

His Excellency Sun Yat Sen,Shanghai, China.

Dear Sir:

Yow have been providentially called upon to head this wonderful Revolution which, within a short time, has reduced the Manchu regime to a cringing suppliant.

On the one hand, you have in behalf of 450,000,000 of the people of China, who have suffered oppression and depression for nearly three centuries, cried for a Republic, to give them freedom and independence for relief.Now that you have got these Manchus under your heels, let no political trimmers, however able and plausible their representations may be, entice you from your original and steadfast purpose of calling for a Republic.They may tell you that a Constitutional Monarchy is more in consonance with your national antecedence, more in harmony with your national tradition and associations; that a Constitutional Monarchy with a Privy Council,headed by such a man as Yuan Shi Kai as Premier, would guarantee you all the political safeguards promised.Don't you believe a word of this.Put no trust whatever in what Yuan Shi Kai may say to you through Tong Shao Yi, his mouthpiece.You may be sure they are all on the make.Who is Yuan Shi Kai? Did he not play the traitor to his master, the Emperor Kwang Shu, in 1898? Ought a traitor to be trusted? He is the man so much admired by the foreign diplomats in Peking, who took advantage of the crumbling Manchu Dynasty, exacting by all manner of ingenious feignings till he got hold of the Premiership of the miserable opium sot, Prince Ching, then his lame leg all at once got well; he was able to move about trying to prop up the odious Manchu Machine, to take in China once more, having him as the chauffeur, to manipulate.Is such a man of deep designs to be trusted? He ought to be banished with the banished Manchus.His name, “Yuan”, ought to be expunged from the national record of family names.He ought to be branded as a traitor in history, and forever held in execration by posterity.

The people of China in the plenitude of its sovereignty have called for a Republic and you, their Leaders, have seconded the call.The people's voice is the voice of God(Vox populi, Vox Dei).Therefore, follow that voice and you will be all right.But there is yet another still, small voice, humming in my mind, which demands peremptory enunciation.It is this:After you have finished your glorious work of the disposal of the political power of the Manchus in China, it is absolutely necessary that you should cling to each other closer than brothers.Under no circumstances and under no provocations whatever should you fall out with each other, plunge into intestine feuds and civil war.

I need not picture to you the dire consequences of anarchy and chaos.You know what they are yourselves.An internecine war is sure to bring on foreign intervention, which means partition of this magnificent country which a wise Providence has kept in reserve for the Chinese race, to build up a model Republic.Think of the glorious work your Revolution has opened up for you and posterity!

May He who rules all things, keep you in His fear and love, and finally gather you all in the fold of Christ who is the sum and substance of all things.

Faithfully yours,

Yung Wing

(译文)

康涅狄格州哈特福德,1912年1月2日

致孙逸仙阁下,中国上海。

尊敬的先生:

上天赋予你们去领导这场伟大革命,在短短时间内,清政府变成卑躬屈膝的求饶者。

一方面,你们代表近三个世纪来遭受压迫和萧条的中国四亿五千万民众,呼吁建立一个共和国,拯救民众以自由与独立。既然你们已控制了清王朝,就不要让任何政治调停者引诱你们放弃坚定追求共和的初衷,无论其陈述多么有力和可信。他们可能会告诉你们,君主立宪制更符合你们的民族背景,更符合你的民族传统和社会组织;君主立宪制有枢密院,由袁世凯总理为首,会保证你们所承诺的一切政治保障。你们一句话也不相信。不要相信袁世凯会通过他的喉舌唐绍仪对你说什么。你可以肯定他们一心追逐名利。袁世凯是谁?他不是在1898年出卖他的主子光绪皇帝吗?叛徒应该被信任吗?他是北京外交官们非常钦佩的人,他们利用清王朝的衰败,运用各种巧妙伪装来胁迫,直到他得到了可怜的大烟鬼庆亲王内阁总理的职位,尔后他的跛脚立刻恢复健康;他能够四处走动,试图支撑这个可恶的王朝机器再次统治中国,由他担任车夫进行操纵。这样一个老谋深算的人值得信任吗?他应该和被流放的清朝权贵一起被放逐。他的姓氏“袁”,应该从国家姓氏记录中删除。他应该被打上历史上的叛徒的烙印,永远被后人审判。

中国人民在充分行使主权的前提下呼吁建立一个共和国,而您,他们的领袖,也支持这一呼吁。人民的声音就是上帝的声音(人民之声,上帝之声)。因此,跟着这个声音走,你们就会好起来。但是,我心里还有一个宁静而细小的声音丝丝作响,要求我必须说清楚,这就是:在你们完成了处置清王朝的光荣任务后,绝对有必要比兄弟更紧密地相互依存。在任何情况下,在任何挑衅下,无论你们之间发生什么争执,都不要陷入内部争端和内战。

我无须想象无政府状态和混乱的可怕后果。你们自己知道那意味什么。内战势必会引来外国的干预,这意味着国家的分裂,本来明智的上帝庇佑着中华民族,建立一个模范共和国。想想你们的革命为你们和子孙后代开辟的光荣事业吧!

愿万能之神以他的敬畏和慈爱守护你们,最终将你们聚集在拥有万物的基督之怀抱中。

容闳 谨呈