林正良致孙中山函 (1912年1月24日)

(原文)

No.110, Stornachi, Kobe,Japan,24st January, 1912

His Excellency President Sun Yat-sen,White House, Nanking, Republic of China.

Dear Sir,

Although I have hitherto had on honour of being known by your Excellency, I have always had a great sympathy with the Revolutionists of your Excellency's courtry, and always wishes their success, as majority of our people did.

Now I have taken the liberty to ask permission of your Excellency to make undermentioned suggestions as to early settlement of the pending dispute; because it really makes me feel uneasiness when I consider that the Revolutionary Government will have to waste a great deal of money as well as time by delay of settlement, while commercial and industrial losses of your Excellency's country on considerably heavy; and specially when I think about meddling of powers, I feel urgent necessity of available conduction of the present disturbance.The meddling by powers is likely to be brought forth first by Russia's movement in Mongolia.Should Russia gain supremacy over Mongolia, Britain will ask same of Tibet, Germany of Shantung, France of Yunnan, Japan also may claim same of Manchuria, and all other powers may follow similar steps.Such will came much greater disturbance of China.I have, therefore, decided to venture to express my opinion before your Excellency as below.

It is already out of question to decide in the national assembly whether to adopt the constitutional monarchy or the Republic; because it is quite evident that more than 80% of the whole nation of great China are supporters of the latter government, which fact, I consider, is already acknowledged by the powers.But the following proposals may draw attention of the Peking Government, and let them agree to establishment of the Republic, viz:

(1)That to divide Manchuria, Mongolia, Tibet and Turkistan into number of States, and appoint present Mongolian and Manchurian princes as the Governors of these states, which may be called “North China Republic”, and let the Emperor be the Governor General of the North China, if he likes it, and afford them Rights of self-administration to certain extent.

(2)To make those Mongolia princes, who are chiefly opposing to organization of Republic, understand well that, if they establish an independent country or stand under protection of Russia, they shall be surely placed as 3nd class or even inferior nation in the world, and they shall be unable to enjoy more liberty than at present—it is evident their position shall become worse than at present.But, if they join the Republic, these is every prospect of their being brought up among the first class powers, before long.

I think that their opposition against Republic shall be chiefly due to their fear of losing their position or livelihood.On their being appointed to be the Governor, each Governor should have a rice-governor, who would be your Excellency's own man and will actually manage the affairs of the States.The principal officials as well as commander and majority of officers (and of soldiers if possible)of troops in garrisons of each State should be Revolutionists.The above mentioned governors shall be, of course, placed under control of the central government.On occasion of reaction they may lose their positions, but any of them may become the President in future.

I hope, meantime, that your Excellency will declare to the Powers that the Revolutionary Government will take necessary measures to get uniformity of coinage, measures and scales, which have been left so irregularly under Manchurian Government, and have been checking development of Trade in China, causing not a little inconvenience to the commercial people living in China.I consider such an announcement shall be surely pleased by the Powers.

I have still many suggestions I wish to make, if I am allowed; but I will not mention them meantime, as I think it may be useless to do so, because I suppose there will be many of intelligent well-learned gentlemen among your Excellency's staffs.

The above suggestions, which I have taken liberty to make of, may appear worthless, or rather foolish, to your Excellency; because my opinion is entirely based upon the knowledge I acquired from the news published in papers, and I may be far too ignorant of seal condition of things.But, as I am very anxious to see satisfactory settlement of the dispute and establishment of a beautiful Republic of the United States of China.I have boldly taken this liberty, trusting that your Excellency would be kind enough so allow me to do so.

Hoping your Excellency's good health and early settlement of the disturbance.

I am, Dear Sir,Very respectfully yours,

M.Hayashi.林正良

P.S.In case they are not satisfied with the positions of Governors; best thing to give them is Dynamite.

(译文)

日本神户斯托纳奇110号,1912年1月24日

致孙逸仙总统阁下,白宫,南京中华民国。

尊敬的先生:

尽管我目前还没有与阁下相识的荣幸,但我一直对国家的革命者抱有强烈的同情,并如我们大多数人民一样,希望他们成功。

这里,我冒昧地请阁下允许我提出下述尽早结束悬而未决的争端的建议。因为,当我想到如拖延解决,革命政府不得不又费时又费很多钱,且商业、工业损失都将很沉重时,委实感到焦虑不安。特别是当我想到列强的干预,我就觉得必须和平了结日前的动乱。列强的干预可能首先带来俄国在蒙古的活动。如果俄国获得了在蒙古的霸权,英国将同样对西藏提出要求,德国会要求山东,法国则要求西南。日本也许会同样要求满洲,所有其他列强或许会紧随其后。这将导致中国更大的动乱。为此,我决定冒昧向阁下提出我以下的意见。

在参议院决定采取君主立宪制还是共和制已是毫无疑问的了。因为显然整个中国超过80%以上的人民是共和政府的支持者。我想,这也是被列强所承认的事实。或许以下建议会引起北京政府的注意,使他们同意建立共和国:

(l)将满洲、蒙古、西藏、新疆划分成数州,委任现在的蒙古和满族王公为这些州的都督,这可以称为“北中华共和国”。如果皇帝愿意给这些州一定程度的自治权的话,可让他作为中国北部的总督。

(2)让这些主要是反对组成共和国的蒙古王公明白,如果他们建立起一个独立的国家或置身于俄国的庇护之下,他们必将沦为世界上的三等甚至劣等国家,他们将不会比现在拥有更多的自由。很显然他们的地位将比现在更糟。但是,如果他们加入共和国,不久他们将有极大的可能被培养成名列于第一等阶层中。

我想他们反对共和主要是因为他们害怕失去其地位或生计。如他们被任命为都督,每个都督可下设一位副都督,由你们自己的人担任,实际管理这个州的事务。每个州的要塞的主要官员诸如将军和大多数军队官员(可能的话包括士兵)都应该是革命者。

上述的总督理所当然应置于中央政府的控制之下。在重新选举中他们可能会失去自己的位子,但将来他们中的任何一位也可能成为总统。

同时,我希望阁下能向列强宣布革命政府将采取必要的措施统一币制和度量衡。这在清政府下搞得很不规范,已经抑制了在中国的贸易的发展,给居住在中国的商人带来了许多不便。我想这样的宣告一定会令列强高兴。

如被允许的话,我还有许多建议想提。但我不想在此时提及它们,我觉得这或许是无益的,因为我想在您的幕僚中一定有许多有才智的受过良好教育的绅士。

我冒昧提出的上述建议对阁下而言或许是毫无价值的,或是很愚蠢的。因为我的意见完全是基于我从报纸上报道中得来的知识。我可能对事情的真实情况完全无知。但,由于我非常渴望看到争端的完满解决和一个美好的中华民国建立,我斗胆冒言,相信阁下能宽宏地允许我这样做。

祝阁下身体健康,早日解决争端。

林正良 敬上

附:如果他们不满意总督的位置,最好是给他们炸药。